IPSW aim to attract a diverse audience from experts in the passive sampling development and application technologies to new users becoming more familiar with the PS advantages. All together working to advance the science behind PS and increase the use of PS approaches to meet risk assessment, policy, and regulatory needs. The IPSW platform has transformed from a local event into an internationally recognised platform of experts in the PS field.

13th IPSW had a particular focus on the perspective of scientists and PS policymakers. Policymakers and water authorities who are involved with the Water Framework Directive monitoring were invited. We worked together on bridging the gap between the development of PS methods and their implementation in regulatory monitoring. Important questions were:

• What is needed/required to get passive sampling implemented? These can be suggestions on the scientific level or policy level.
• Can PS play a more prominent role in WFD monitoring than so far?
• What are suggestions on the national level to use PS?